“I Saw a Nightmare…”
Doing Violence to Memory: The Soweto Uprising, June 16, 1976
by Helena Pohlandt-McCormick

Archive Home ... Browse by Place ... Soweto

Bakkie [pick-up truck], houses and hillside, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Boys with fists raised, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Boys with fists raised, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Aerial view: intersection, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Burned-out car, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Burned truck, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345G67
Burned truck (front), Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Truck and bus crash, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Burning truck, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Car with bus at school crossing, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Train car destroyed, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Bar with note: "Oormaat Drank" [excessive alcohol], Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Aerial view: yard, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Aerial view: building, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Aerial view: truck, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Close-up of photograph in ledger of bar with note: "Oormaat Drank" [excessive alcohol], Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Men with police, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Crowd marching down road, Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Crowd marching down road (Close-Up), Soweto. June 1976. Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Bloody Sellouts." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Bloody Sellouts." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To The System," partial." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To The System," close-up. Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To The System," partial. Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Arrest Us All." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Arrest Us All." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Azigibelwa." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release Magauda." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release Magauda." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "These Honkies." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release Our Brothers." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Black Power." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "We Can't Pretend." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Kruger." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Tsibiso." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release George." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Interhouse Debate." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Base Afrika." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Afrikaans is Terrorism." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Vorster's Puppets." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Vorster's Puppets." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release Our Detained Students." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To Hell With Afrikaans." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To Hell With Afrikaans." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "To Hell With Afrikaans." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Release All Detained People." Source: SAB K345
Poster: "Black Power." Source: SAB K345
Police statement (1 July 1976) by Bantoesersant (Bantu sergeant) G. S. Hlungwane. Source SAB K345 Vol. 85/86.
Police statement (undated) by Hendrik Jurgens Greyffenberg. Source: SAB K345, vols. 85-86
Police statement (undated) by Justice Mamiane, dog handler of the SAP. Source: SAB K345, vols. 85-86
Statement (28 June 1976) by Rose Maphalala, 16 years old. Source: SAB K345, vols. 85-86
Flier: "Tsoga" [Mothers Awake], Tswana. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "Mothers Awake," English version. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "The Voice of Black People in South Africa." Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "The Voice of Black People in South Africa." Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "The Voice of Black People in South Africa." Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "To Town!" Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "Soweto Invaded!!!" Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "Azi Khwelwa" Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Flier: "Resa Boela" Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Autopsy documents: Lily Mithi. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Autopsy documents: Hector Pieterson. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Autopsy documents: Hermina Leroke. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
Autopsy documents: Amos Mokoena. Source: SAB K345, vol. 99
SSRC Pamphlet, handwritten document, advocating strategy of non-violence. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 411
Chief Twala, 23 June 1972, photographed by Michael, 1437 Jabulani, Soweto. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 411
Brown evidence envelope: inventory of items confiscated by the police (17 August 1976) from Chief Twala. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 411
Trofomo Sono's exercise book
The World headlines, 17 August 1977: SSRC leader Sono calling upon Student(s)s to go back to school. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Mangaliso Mosiwa's exercise book: essay on Black Consciousness, Black power and Black theology. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Inventory of items confiscated by the police (17 June 1976) from Masabatha Loate. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "Not yet Uhuru." Signed by Oginga Odinga. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
List of names. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "Introductory Remarks on Education and an Outline of a Suggested Education Policy." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter from Seth Mazibuko to the Branch Secretary of SASM. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Hand-written text: "The History of SASM 1976-1979." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Motion by Allen Budeli. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter: Seth Mazibuko explaining course of action dictated by the detention of SASM leaders. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Speech Notes. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Speech Notes. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Speech Notes. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Poem: "The Incredible Hippo" by "The Sugar." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "Freedom as Seen by a Student." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Policy Statement. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter from Seth Mazibuko to newspapers condemning Steve Biko's death. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "Education." Mazibuko's thoughts condemning the Bantu educational system. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter from Seth Mazibuko to newspapers condemning Steve Biko's death. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Resolution on Sports; part of minutes of the Third General Student Council Meeting (28 May 1976). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Notes: "Black Consciousness." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Document outlining policies including: Religion, Workers, Wages, Professionals, Trade Unions, Foreign Investments, and Government-Created Bodies. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
SSRC Reply to Slanderous Anonymous Pamphlet. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Press release by Gordon Sono, page 1. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter to "Steve," first page missing, from Sindiswa. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (April 1976) from Mbuyisa to Tingo. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (24 August 1976) to Sindisiwa. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Health card: Itumeleng Gwazela (Institute of Black Studies). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Membership card belonging to Sindiswa Gwazela for Las Vegas Records. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Book: "No Name in the Street" by James Baldwin belonging to Sindiswa Gwazela. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Book: "No Name in the Street" by James Baldwin belonging to Sindiswa Gwazela. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (24 November 1976) from Sindiswa Gwazela to Thabo: "I am not turning back." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Sindiswa Gwazela's notes: "You people are digging Vorster's grave." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Sindiswa Gwazela comments, July 1976. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "The Indigenous Agitator" by Gwazela. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (27 February 1976) to Flo from Andy. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (3 September 1976) to Sister Alice from Sindiswa Gwazela. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "South Africa Black Woman's Point of View" (by Nim Mkele? Sindiswa Gwazela's handwriting). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Sindiswa Gwazela's application for sales position with Crocker Agencies (6 July 1976), with reference to her age (28). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Poem: "Weep Not," for Abraham Tiro (Gwazela's handwriting). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Essay: "I am hurt but very hurt" (Gwazela). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (24 February 1976): to Sindiswa Gwazela from Tshedi Thale. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (undated): from Sindiswa to "My darling.". Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (September 1976): from Sindiswa to "Darling Myanisa." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (9 September 1976): from Sindiswa to Mama Mama'M. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (9 September 1976): from Sindiswa to "My Darling Baby." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Letter (9 September 1976): Gwazela to Nombulelo. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
Printed flier: "A Call to the Black Religious Community in Behalf of Justice in Southern Africa." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 413
My Thoughts. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notes confiscated from Masabatha Loate, about Bantu Education and Andrew Young's visit. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Handwritten note (press release for The World newspaper) about U.S. Ambassador Andrew Young's visit to South Africa. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Brown envelope with inventory of documents seized during Masabatha Loate's arrest. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Open Letter to Soweto Parents about the SSRC by Concerned Soweto Parents. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notes" "Critics on a Blackman!!" Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Handwritten notes for speech: "The Suffering of One Black Man." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Handwritten notes for speech (?): "Bantu Education Can Be Changed." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notes for speech/statement on the solidarity call for December 16, 1976 (6 months after the beginning of the Uprising). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notes for speech/statement on the solidarity call for December 16, 1976 (6 months after the beginning of the Uprising). Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notebook, possibly Daniel Sechaba's, some pages loose, others clearly carbon copied, handwritten statement in reaction to rent increase. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Handwritten notes in notebook for responses to World newspaper articles on SSRC reaction to the stoning of UBC buildings, UBC, and rent increases: "We Categorically Reject." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pages from notebook (17 May 1977), SSRC thank yous to Soweto students and residents for helping secure the release of SSRC members Thabo Ndabeni and Khotso Lengane. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pages from notebook. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pages from notebook. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pages from notebook. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pamphlet, identified as SASM pamphlet in inventory: "Black Women and the Legal Monster That Rules Their Lives." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Loate papers: "SSRC Fact Finding Mission." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Loate papers: handwritten sheet, identified as "Toespraak en handskrif Teboho Nsomezulu" [speech and handwriting of Teboho Nsomezulu]. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notebook, handwritten notes about weekend symposium held at The World's offices, with JCL Strydom, about school and education issues: "Notebook Student Participation at Education Symposium." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notebook page, distrusting Brigadier Jan Visser. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notebook: "Skipping the Border." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Notebook, miscellaneous thoughts: "SSRC Meeting etc." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Pages from notebook, solidarity with evictions: "SSRC Exclusively to Our Oppressed Brothers - Introspection." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Two pages, handwritten, address to students outside of Soweto: "To Outside Students." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Speech, handwritten: "Solidarity." Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 436
Willie's trading store, near Madibane High School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Baragwanath taxi stand. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Mapetla Secondary School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Naledi High School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Emdeni Junior Secondary School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Senoane High School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Molapo Junior Secondary School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Morris Isaacson Secondary School, Central Western Jabavu. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
Orlando North Secondary School. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 440
S. D. Booysen, police notebook. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Flier issued by SSRC to mark anniversary of June 16, with procedure on before and after June 16. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Flier issued by SSRC to call for stay-away, November 1976: "Azikhwelwa" [we will not ride]. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Copy of DSCN3026: SSRC flier for anniversary of June 16. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
SSRC flier: "June 16th, Students Day". Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Police in camouflage and with weapons. Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Poster (chalk on chalkboard): "Voster (sic) and Kruger must go to hell!" Source: Civil Case WLD 6857 (1977), Vol. 416
Hector Pieterson in the arms of Mbuyisa Nkita Makhubu, his sister, Antoinette Musi, running alongside.
Photographer Sam Nzima in front of his photograph of Hector Pieterson, Mbuyisa Nkita Makhubu, and Antoinette Musi at the Hector Pieterson Museum.
House on Vilakazi Street
Regina Mundi Church, Soweto
Orlando Police Station
View from Orlando Police Station
Vilakazi Street, Soweto
Vilakazi Street, Soweto
Sign for clinic
Orlando Police Station
Soweto streetlamps
Soweto landscape
Houses in Soweto
Houses in Soweto
Soweto street
Soweto trees and fence
Soweto sidewalk
Boys on a koppie behind Phefeni Junior Secondary School
Orland West High School
Morris Isaacson High School
Soweto houses
Soweto shops
Hector Pieterson Museum
Hector Pieterson Museum window overlooking Orlando Police Station
Street corner, Phomolong Clinic
Street in front of Phomolong Clinic
Sign for Phomolong Clinic
Soweto boys